I am on very slow Internet for about a week, so apologies for not quoting your great posts. I tried that but it timed out. Here goes:
Shrink: here's why I suggested increasing the dosing. You said you sometimes have a "slightly wet" puck (or words to that effect) and reducing the amount of coffee fixes that. But SG said something different, at least as I understood it. He said the top of the puck was "soupy," he said the espresso was bitter (ie, over-extracted) and he said the crema was terrible (which can be a symptom of many things including over-extraction). Plus, I assume your grind is right; I do not assume that for SG given what he described. (No offense, SG......)
So, my initial belief was too much room in the head, which allows too much water into the PF, and in that machine the water at the end has nowhere to go, so it just sits on top of the puck. The key was SG said only the top of the puck was soupy, which can be caused by under-dosing. This would also cause the symptoms of over-extraction SG described. So, adding an extra gram was intended to allow less water in the PF. (Suggesting a slightly coarser grind also would have been a good diagnostic step.)
But, a few posts later, I started to think the issue was tamping, and working together SG and I worked out some advice on how to better level the coffee before tamping. I think that was 80% of the issue, but I still think there is a grind issue lurking here, and maybe a head space issue too (wrong basket maybe?).
SG: glad to hear your shots improved. Great work. I agree with Shrink's post from earlier today; you are close, now, so hold everything constant except the grind. One of the hardest things to learn is how much to adjust your grinder when the taste is a bit off. Pulling 5 or 10 shots in a row, over an hour, making very find adjustments up and down in fineness, is a great way to practice this skill. And, just when you figure it out, the coffee will change or it will start to rain and then everything will change, but you will still be ahead of the game.
The fact that you have crema (even if you don't like it very much, yet) is a very good sign. That means you are in the ballpark on everything, and that you are already better at pulling shots than 99% of the "baristas" who work for you know who......
That said, there are two other diagnostic steps you might want to try some day when you are bored. First, measure your water debit. This is the amount of water that comes through the group head when there is no PF in place. I will have to look up the specs for your machine, but it should be around 50ml in ten seconds. Second, grind and tamp a nice shot, but before you put the PF into the group head, put a nickel right in the middle of your puck. Then put the PF into the group head and wait about 10 or 15 seconds. Remove the PF. Do you see in the coffee an outline of the nickel? Can you see impressed into your coffee the head of the dude on the nickel, or just the outline of the nickel?
All: I would love a get together. Europe is an option.....Mrs. Kurwenal and I will head that way in October for a semi-annual opera trip. If not, Scepticalscribe, do you ever head to the US? I think I recall you posting somewhere that you do not.
And I agree with you all that this thread (well actually you posters) is a wonderful oasis. We will have to chat more about Wagner and Italy and that other stuff late. SS, thank you for your kind comments.
MH: Hi!
Everyone else: hi!
Okay, following Kurwenal's instructions yesterday, I ground a lot more coffee this time and piled it high and deep in the PF, like a pyramid. Then I used the n-e-s-w finger sweep method and ended up with 17 grams, tamped firmly in the PF.
The extraction time was much better at 20 seconds, up from much less before. I achieved better crema and it tastes pretty good too - not too bitter.
There was still a soupy puck afterwards.