Sorry if there was a misunderstanding. It was not clear to me that the discussion was about base vs. CTO models since your post doesn't really mention CTO at all, and seemed to be about difficulty of objective comparison.
Again, sorry if that's how it seems to you. I am simply comparing currently available official configurations and prices from various manufacturers. I agree that CTO options on Macs tend to be quite expensive, and I don't think that the 24GB/2TB M2 Air is a good value. But the 16GB/512GB — which is IMO a sweet spot for many users with above average demands — has an excellent value proposition compared to other brands.
I am not sure whether it is meaningful to talk about discontinued or otherwise non-available products. Current economic situation — with Covid ongoing, semiconductor shortages, Russian aggression and China/USA tension — is very different from what it was two years ago. We need to evaluate the current market offers in respect to the current market situation.
I appreciate the fair reply. Any 16GB RAM M1 or M2 MacBook is CTO (therefore not available in a lot of third party stores and rarely discounted). It was not clear to you that that was the main point I was making, fair enough.
It's also fair to say that things have changed in the Windows world recently so the price I got last year is no longer there. So you have a point there, the value of some Macs, especially M1, has increased in relative terms.
Still the value argument, while strong and pretty objective for a $850 M1 air, is not that strong for a $1400 M1 air, let alone a $1600 M2 air.
That's why only a minority of people buy them and the vast majority gets the base model.
It's generally not the professionals with heavy duty work, who tend to gravitate towards the M1 pro/max, nor the students, who will probably buy the entry model, but more the professionals who need a light laptop on the go, those who prefer a Mac but want to run Windows (8GB is generally not enough without bootcamp), etc.
I am sure there are plently more use cases for these CTO MacBook air, but portability is definitely an important argument.
And in terms of portability some Windows business laptops offer devices of similar screen size but under 1KG and with cellular, something Apple stubbornly refuses to implement for some weird reasons. And I am not even talking about touch and pen input, something that can be important for annotation, signing documents etc (as a university teacher I do appreciate that).
These laptops tend to cost more than the CTO MacBook air, but are more often on sale (the CTO hardly ever is), and therefore you can get them at similar or lower prices than those MacBooks if you monitor the market.
Again I am not talking about $600 16GB/512GB devices, I see them all the time on sale, and they are not necessarily bad, but they are much larger and heavier devices (generally 15.6in) with AMD Ryzen processors which offer pretty good value for that money, but are not the same target market as the MacBook air.