Apple definitely popularized multi-touch (even more than Jeff Han had done the year before in his TED demo), and was the first to put it in mass production on a phone.
However, Apple was not the first to publicly reveal a multi-touch phone design. That was done the year before the iPhone was revealed, and likely influenced Jobs' desire to be first to production.
In mid 2006, Synaptics, who made the touchpads used in nearly every laptop... including Apple's... was showing off one of the hottest concept phones, the Onyx, with a UI that included neat features like dragging one person's picture on top of another to set up a conference call, or dragging a GPS flag onto a contact in order to send them a map.
The multi-point capacitive surface was sensitive enough to detect fingertips or finger edges, and discern a cheek from a finger. You could even kiss the phone and it could send the lip image it sensed:
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The working Onyx prototype, with its gloss black screen in a metal frame, was just one reason why everyone in the business was expecting all-touch capacitive phones to take off in 2007. Even MacRumors
suggested in Aug 2006 that it might be the tech that would be used in the rumored touch based iPod and iPhone that many Apple fans were expecting back then.
Then in November 2006, the Open Linux group announced plans to make a multi-touch smartphone for developers. There were articles about it on Engadget, Infoworld, LinuxDevices, etc. Gizmodo first had an article about it Nov 7, 2006... two months before the iPhone was shown off by Jobs.
The designers originally had hoped to provide a 285ppi display and multi-touch screen:
"The phone itself has a 2.8-inch VGA display, USB mesh file sharing, multi-touch sensor recognition, GSM, GPS, 128MB RAM, a Samsung ARM9-based processor and MP3 playback capabilities. - Gizmodo "
They even touted the abiity to pinch-zoom on a map. Of course, few people outside of the industry paid much attention to this, or other multi-touch phone development, until Apple showed theirs. Then reporters remembered, such as in this Jan 2007 Gizmodo follow up
article:
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Unfortunately, production got delayed for a long time, but the point is that multi-touch, pinch zoom, icon grids, an icon dock, etc were all known design ideas/plans. The Open Moko designers even foretold that "apps would become the new ringtones", referring to that almost billion dollar a year business at the time.