This is a tough question to answer.
So you have always had a Mac and are considering a PC due to cost but have an Android phone. A Samsung a52?
Interesting. You said a lot of friends and family have iPhone?
I think it boils down to a few things. A decent PC laptop is going to cost you minimum $800-$1000. That is with a 13th gen Intel, decent resolution touch screen, 512gb ssd and 16gb ram. Coming from a Mac you would hate anything less, specifically in regards to screen.
Samsung makes their own Galaxy Book series laptops with OLED screen but they are expensive.
If you want something newer and don't care about Samsung name I would suggest,
Shop ASUS Zenbook 14X 14.5" 2.8K OLED Touch Laptop Intel Evo Platform i7-13700H 16GB Memory 512GB SSD Inkwell Gray at Best Buy. Find low everyday prices and buy online for delivery or in-store pick-up. Price Match Guarantee.
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If you don't mind a 12th gen Intel which is still very close to 13th gen and would like Samsung, good specs all around and something that would communicate with the phone you have I would suggest this but screen may not be perfect.
Shop Samsung Galaxy Book2 360 13.3" AMOLED Touch Screen Laptop Intel 12th Gen Core i7 Evo Platform 16GB Memory 512GB SSD Graphite at Best Buy. Find low everyday prices and buy online for delivery or in-store pick-up. Price Match Guarantee.
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If you want a up to date Galaxy book with a much better screen,
www.samsung.com
Samsung laptops are expensive but very well designed, very light like an air but powerful and have software that allows a Apple like connection between your PC and phone.
The Asus would be my personal choice based on cost and features. You can still link your phone using the windows link my phone app.
Alternatively the Apple route might make more sense because Windows is going to be a learning curve. It might be fun to learn a new way to do things and I bet you have used Windows before but Windows 11 is a lot different than Windows in the past.
You don't have to replace your air, assuming it is Intel based with another air.
Shop MacBook Pro 14" Laptop Apple M1 Pro chip 16GB Memory 512GB SSD Space Gray at Best Buy. Find low everyday prices and buy online for delivery or in-store pick-up. Price Match Guarantee.
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You can find deals on M1 MBP 14" base model for around $1600 all over places like Amazon, Best Buy, Costco, etc.
You can get a new air base for $1099 or a nicely configured model for the same price as the M1 Pro 14".
So the cost is similar to a Windows laptop depending what you are willing to spend and want.
If you get another Mac it would probably make sense to get an iPhone but they are expensive. The iPhone 15 is going to release soon and it will have USB c which might make life a little easier.
I think they will start at $800 and up.
So if you got the cheapest iPhone at say $799 and a $1600 MacBook then you are looking at around $2400.
Alternatively you can get a base model M2 air for $1099 and base model iPhone at $800 and you are just under $2k.
Or you could get a $799 base model M1 air and iPhone for $1600.
A lot of money no matter how you slice it.
If you got a Pixel 7a you can find them around $450 and you could get the Asus at $1000 and spend around $1500.
If you are going to upgrade the phone and your laptop you are going to spend a significant amount of money no matter what.
Pixel 8 is just around the corner or you could get a Samsung Galaxy s23 and those are often discounted and trade in deals on Samsung website might be good.
In fact you could buy a new laptop Galaxy book 3 and s23/plus or ultra with trade in on your phone probably around just under 2k.
So all of those numbers are high. You can time things and buy in stages as well. November Samsung has better sales. Right now and November would be the best time to buy Samsung.
I think the better question to ask is how do you use your phone and laptop? Is it a pain to communicate with friends and family with your a52? Would life be easier if you just had all Apple devices? Do you need super powerful or can you get away with base model? Can you get a deal on a carrier for an iPhone? Can you sell your current Mac on a website like Swappa and get a few hundred to put towards a new Mac? Could you do the same with your phone?
The only way I can afford new tech is by selling my old stuff. I wait for a sale on something I like new and buy as low as I can then I sell private like Swappa or ebay on my old stuff. Then I don't ever pay full price.
If you time what you buy right and sell what you have it might make a new Mac and iPhone more affordable.
Personally from what you have said I would stay with a Mac. I would not buy an M1 base air but either an M2 base model air on sale or a BTO with 16gb ram and 512gb ssd, maybe 256 ssd is enough? Then you are paying around $1300 for a new MBA with considerably better performance, battery life, screen, etc and it could be offset a few hundred with your old Mac bringing you close to the cost of the Asus. You could then buy an iphone 14 most likely discounted or through a carrier promotion for little money since the 15 is coming out or wait for the 15 and get a promotion then. That way you would be able to increase your ease of communication with friends and family and with your Mac. Everything will work better together and should last a long time if you get a newer Mac and iPhone.
If you just look at price you might get tempted to go a cheaper route but it might be a worse decision in the long run. Considering that buying a laptop and phone is a long term investment since you don't seem like a yearly upgrade person then consider the cost of ownership rather than initial expense. What is going to make your life easier and be more enjoyable to use over the years you own it not just upfront costs.
Apple is more expensive and sometimes it can be prohibitively so. But Apple products generally last longer and provide an overall better experience especially when the people around you also own Apple products.
In terms of your direct questions generally iPhone will have superior camera and video quality unless we are talking a Pixel phone. Unless you are going to buy a iPhone 15 Pro Max you won't get any decent zoom but for video and general shots iPhones are all excellent. A Pixel 7 Pro would be my recommendation right now for best overall camera. Your Galaxy is okay but not a great camera. So I think you would be better off with a iPhone. But if you want to stay Android then I highly recommend looking at Pixel phone. Even the 7a would be better than your Galaxy.
Of course if you don't care about keeping a Mac or upgrading it then I would not recommend an iPhone. The choice of computer makes a big difference in the choice of phone. If you are going to keep an Android phone then it might be good to consider a PC.
What I would highly recommend is you go to a retailer where you can look at a PC and see how it works, the weight, build quality, etc. Go to a retailer where you can test out a M2 MBA, maybe an M1 MBP and see how they work and feel. Same with an iPhone. Same with the S23 series or Pixel phones. That is really the only way you are going to get a good idea of what you want. If the money is worth it and so on.
Cost is a huge deal but don't buy something just because it is cheaper or has better "specs" buy based on what will work best for how you use your devices. After a month or so how will you feel? No matter what it is going to cost you to buy new stuff. You may as well be happy with your choice and it will be something you enjoy to use.
The new M2 MBA is a really nice laptop and not having to deal with fans and vents on a laptop is a really nice thing. It is fast and lasts a long time on battery. Conversely the 14" M1 MBP is still very fast, has a great screen and speakers and has decent battery life. Compared to any Intel Mac m series Macs are a lot better. Thin and light or heavy and powerful? Better screen and speakers or more portable and easy to use anywhere? I personally think the M2 MBA has a great screen and speakers but some people really prefer the MBP 14/16".
Take your time and evaluate your options. I am sure you will figure out what will be best.