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The MBP and desktops would be years away after "Marzipan" has had time to create a base for "universal" apps that can run effectively on ARM CPUs/GPUs. I'd expect the MBP to go first and then the Mini, followed by the iMac.
Marizpan does nothing to change the relatively low volume problem the Desktop Macs have in terms of custom chips (and range of performance ) pragmatically needed for that 'half' of the line up. It isn't going to substantively increase the number of those systems sold as the software is in a significantly different dimension. in fact, there is a decent change once most of the MBP ( 13" range ) is pulled off the balance of laptops versus desktops would get worse from the desktop perspective.
Marizpan isn't really an "emulation"/"capability" bridge to keep old software on new systems at all. It is far more about new software on new systems. The apps are more so "universal" because it is a big bundle of iPad/macOS/iphone apps with slightly different GUIs that share a common foundation and bundle. On the macOS side, it also is going to enable a fair amount of software line up filling for the apps that are going to get toasted by tossing 64 bit , OpenGL , and OpenCL out the door. Apple will shepherd in more iPad apps so there is no net decrease in quantity of macOS apps. Apple will also get a few active macOS apps to move down to the iPad (probably much smaller, but a net increase in apps there also). It will also probably push more apps into the App Store.
But also will have somewhat of a Carbon/Cocoa split on the macOS side for a while. There will be macOS apps that don't rewrite to the Marizpan foundation that will probably be more just x86 over time since not moving as fast to switch build modes and libraries. Apple ran with two stacks for macOS apps for a pretty long time. There is no reason they can't do it again. Classic Cocoa will just take up the position as the "old" API and Marzipan take up the position as the "new" one. [ yet another reason Apple is flushing the "old" , legacy API of carbon , 32-bit , etc. ]
If Apple pushes a much higher percentage of macOS into the App Store then delivering x86 or arm could be something the store does dynamically. ( developer upload a big bundle and the App Store thins that out to what the app needs on the Mac/iPad making the request. Don't even really need 'fat" binaries ). Classic Apps that wanted to could add "fat binaries" if distributed outside the App Store ( Apple won't mind at all their store apps are delivered far less bloated. It is an additional selling point to getting them from their store. )
In that model, Apple could do mixed platform Macs for a relatively long time. Apple could keep the A-series far more focused on low end battery power and then rest of mac line up on x86 ( presuming both Intel and AMD don't both screw up over long term).
That all doesn't necessarily get Apple better mix of top quality apps. Having to do drivers for x86 and ARM is has a decent chance of leading to an even more unsettled 3rd party GPU driver situation. Some apps will leave for the more stable ecosystem of Windows (at least Windows on x86).
The iMac Pro and Mac Pro will be the final ones to go and I could easily see that not happening before mid-next-decade.
That probably wouldn't happen. Once the iMac goes ( which is probably around the threshold of a viable custom implementation run rate ) the rest is untenable. It is not volume enough for many developers to put up with the extra work (especially if Apple nukes the older x86 of MBP , MBA , MB support ).
If there was an extension it would probably more so be because those two products were in Rip van Winkle mode and nothing happened because Apple was doing almost nothing. If Apple is maniacal about ARM only at that point they a decent chance they'll just get dropped ( or kept in sleep mode even longer while defacto letting the Vintage/Obsolete clock run.). If by mid-next decade the iMac Pro and Mac Pro account for less that 1% of the Mac unit sales then would more likely be and "end point" ; not a transition point. Apple is highly unlikely to do a expensive platform shift for a product that doesn't even show up in pie chart of the Mac products being sold.
If part of the mainstream market jumps over to ARM desktops also perhaps not. But that depends more so on what other vendors do versus something primarily driven by Apple.
Right now it seems more likely that Intel and AMD highly competing with each other will save at least the Mac desktops from switching. A very decent chance the at least the MBP 15" product class stays in that boat too. ( small chance that some ARM implementer disrupter pops up and hauls a significant chunk of the Windows desktop systems on to ARM. If that happens then Apple could shift their desktops to that platform too. )
if Apple has to outcompete 2-3 vendors who are all executing well, they will probably punt on trying to be beat them. The CPU package isn't the Mac. The Ma is the Mac. If there is a more than reasonable CPU package to buy then they'll probably just buy it.