Er what about Rosetta 2, MacOS Big Sur, assisting developers etc.
There is also a lot more to the hardware than CPU / GPU. Who knows about the engineering to cooling etc? Also I am 100% sure there will be new hardware. Your opinion may differ and that's fine, but I think it will be all new designs.
However all costs associated with the transition will be spread over 3-5 years not having to be recouped immediately.
Knowing Apple they will want instant profit on the computers, however their margins will increase as sales increase and the transition ends.
They will price the products accordingly to estimated sales, profit margin required, and also the levels they believe customers will pay.
Another factor in pricing is if they want their Mac market to grow or contract. Their Mac market has been very consistent in volume the last few years. (Which could also be described as "going nowhere".) They could have just kept going with a quite successful and profitable business. But they decided not to. And while Apple loves their profit margins, I doubt they changed their silicon strategy for the Mac with sales to
less people as a goal. What would be the point of that? Particularly as services is a growing revenue stream, they want to add people to their eco-system, not grow more exclusive. And when it comes to sales volume, pricing is a huge factor.
Ergo, I personally believe the new systems will be priced to sell.
As Kotask pointed out, production costs are likely to go down generally speaking, but lets try to put some numbers on the table. Apple currently pays some $200 and up to intel for their chips, and $100 and up to AMD for their GPUs, rowing to $500 (and up) for the top end configurations.
Apple said they were making "a family of SoCs" for their Macs. Lets start the napkin math from the bottom:
A14x - Apple has typically made phone chips that are just below 100mm2 and iPad Pro chips that are just above. The A14 seems to continue this pattern, so lets assume that the A14x does too. Let’s put it at 11x11=121mm2. That would yeild almost 500 chips from a wafer. Lets ballpark Apples wafer cost to $10000 at 5nm, and yield with modern design-for-yield strategies to 80%. That would put their raw cost per die at 10000/(500x0.8)=$25/SoC. Obviously, this disregards all fixed costs but for a chip that is likely to be put in tens of millions of devices, it’s a starting point. Even if we double the cost per chip, it is still
way lower than what Apple pay for intels low power Core chips. So I’d guess the low power draw MacBooks and possibly Mac mini will drop in price.
Next tier up (MacBook Pro + small iMac):
200mm2 SoC. Yields 300 SoCs/wafer nominally. Lets be a bit more pessimistic with yeilds and put it at 75%. 10000/(300x0.75)=$45 Lets round up to $50 in raw cost per chip. Now the volume of these chips is much lower. 5-10 million, depending on Apple pricing and market success making fixed costs a larger factor, and doubling to $100 is definitely prudent napkin math. However, that is still clearly below current chip prices from intel and AMD for the MacBook Pros.
Last tier, (large iMac, Mac Pro):
350mm2 SoC. This is the level that is supposed to improve on the PC offerings of 2021/2022. This would give a bit under 200 dies per wafer. Lets assume really bad yield in spite of binning and design-for-yield. A hundred usable SoCs per wafer would give a raw cost per die of $100. That’s still really low, but this is the chip where the fixed costs really start to bite hard. Assuming a volume of a couple of million SoCs, design cost+ mask set +... could still double the cost per SoC or more. But this is much less than what Apple pays for CPU+dGPU with dedicated memory!
The purpose of this exercise is to show that Apple can make even large SoCs for relatively low volume products, and still save substantially on their BOM. I hope, and actually believe, that they will leverage this to increase their market share.