I'm throwing up my hands. Over the past year, I've gone through three MacBook Pro models with 15-inch screens: from 2012, 2015, and now 2018. I've tried working and playing games (under Windows) on all of these machines, and the results are consistently the same. When both the CPU and GPU are under simultaneous load, such as in games, the laptop gradually reduces the frequency of both, even though there's no obvious overheating issue. I just can't figure out why this is happening. Naturally, this leads to FPS drops. Through experimentation, I've found that if you cool the laptop forcibly, for example, by placing it next to an open window, the drop isn't as dramatic or might not happen at all. Meanwhile, I repeat, the temperatures of the CPU and GPU are always within the normal range, and by the open window, when the frequency increases, they are even higher! It seems that some other component in the laptop is heating up, possibly the VRM area. I tried adding thermal pads there to use the bottom as a heat sink, but that didn't solve the problem.
That's all with games under Windows, but what about macOS? Well, I worked there, and when you're conducting conference calls, the situation is similar. The GPU and CPU get loaded, the frequency decreases over time, and everything slows down.