Hello
Your Freezes and reboots might indicate the infamous dGPU issue that 2011 MBP 15''&17" suffer unless of course it is an other hardware problem. In that case running the Apple hardware test might be necessary.
2 courses of action are possible IMHO and then you can proceed to use Dosdude's latest patcher 1.2.3 (which I am using successfully):
1. I haven't tried this as my dGPU problem occurred before I had read the following Dosdude process but in your case you can try before solution 2 (after having reading both to see which line you would like to take).
2.
Read an perhaps try the "software" process to disable defective dGPU found in
MacBook Pro forums (Force 2011 MacBook Pro 8,2 with failed AMD GPU to ALWAYS use Intel integrated GPU (EFI variable fix) thread #875 to initially disable dGPU. (there are also permanent methods to disable the dGPU in these forums and in Dosdude's website). Using this method, I have created a simple shell script "force-iGPU-boot.sh" as indicated by MikeyN thread 875 above and that I have reside in root (once Catalina is installed as it will erase it at every new Cat. Install) in the case of an "unlikely but possible" need to reset PRAM or SMC resulting in the loss dGPU bypass I can simply and quickly execute in single user mode to restore dGPU disabling and quickly recover from the screen issue because of the dGPU.
What I have noticed in the most recent patches and lately the 1.2.3 is however that the "extensions-off" folder that is created in the above process and where the AMDRadeonX3000.kext resides doesn't seem necessary any more to run Catalina using your Dosdude patch (which remains in the Extensions folder). However I still create the folder Extensions-off (with the Loginhook script mentioned in thread 875) as it states "the system doesn't know how to power-management the failed AMD-chip and is said to also better manage temperatures. Is this still true and the extensions-off folder still needed? Or can it be made redundant as well as the force-iGPU-boot.sh script with Dosdude's latest patch is a question that perhaps Dosdude can answer but that in any case doesn't prevent running effectively Catalina on MBP 8,2 and 8,3.
PS I have tried using Dosdude's dGPU executable method as in solution #1 but my system in the past crashed and rebooted to a blank grey screen a few tries (probably in conflict with my use of Solution #2) so I have just kept going with the tried and true "long form process" which seems to hold across the various patches and updates.
Hopes this helps.