Just one remark on the nanoTECH USB 3.0 ExpressCard|34: Contrary to my Sonnettech Tempo Duo USB3/SATA ExpressCard|34 (
TSATA6USB3-E34) it doesn't have an auxiliary power input and I've noticed it doesn't deliver enough milliamps to 2,5" USB 3.0 HDs or SSDs, at least not in my MBP5,2. I've therefore ended up buying an additional USB 3.0 Micro-B Y-cable (
Delock 82909) that is now sourcing further power from one of my MBP5,2's USB 2.0 ports. That has solved the problems with 2,5" USB 3.0 HDs or SSDs I had before.
It doesn't explain why your nanoTECH-connected storage media is working fine under Big Sur, but not under Monterey, of course. In theory, a changed energy management might lower the power delivery to usb 3.0 storage devices further, but I don't think that's a very probable scenario here. Nonetheless, if you happen to have such a cable, it might be worth trying what happens when you use it when connecting the problematic USB3 storage media.