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tsialex

Contributor
Original poster
Jun 13, 2016
13,454
13,601
My question is WHY those YouTubers make it work without any clean install of HS? Here's example:

If all conditions are right and all the requirements for the firmware upgrade are met, the firmware upgrade is easy and simple. If something is wrong anywhere, then you are where you are.
 
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trackmarkedamoeba

macrumors newbie
Dec 16, 2022
2
0
Hi, thank you for this very helpful thread. I am about to take the leap in attempting this to give more life to my machine, but have a question I have not found the answer to in this thread.

My mid-2012 5,1 meets the requirements (Metal-Compatible GPU, firmware is at MP51.0089.B00, running High Sierra 10.13.6) but the first post's note section regarding PCIe leads me to this question: my boot drive is via PCIe but I believe it is being seen as SATA (I do not know how "Containers" work but it is within a container if it matters). Can I update directly from the OS running on the boot drive and forego the fresh 10.13.6? System pics attached. I purchased this machine in 2017 from the now-defunct Create.pro service. Thank you!
 

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tsialex

Contributor
Original poster
Jun 13, 2016
13,454
13,601
Hi, thank you for this very helpful thread. I am about to take the leap in attempting this to give more life to my machine, but have a question I have not found the answer to in this thread.

My mid-2012 5,1 meets the requirements (Metal-Compatible GPU, firmware is at MP51.0089.B00, running High Sierra 10.13.6) but the first post's note section regarding PCIe leads me to this question: my boot drive is via PCIe but I believe it is being seen as SATA (I do not know how "Containers" work but it is within a container if it matters). Can I update directly from the OS running on the boot drive and forego the fresh 10.13.6? System pics attached. I purchased this machine in 2017 from the now-defunct Create.pro service. Thank you!
You can try - if you do not succeeded, follow the first post steps.
 

trackmarkedamoeba

macrumors newbie
Dec 16, 2022
2
0
Hi, thank you for this very helpful thread. I am about to take the leap in attempting this to give more life to my machine, but have a question I have not found the answer to in this thread.

My mid-2012 5,1 meets the requirements (Metal-Compatible GPU, firmware is at MP51.0089.B00, running High Sierra 10.13.6) but the first post's note section regarding PCIe leads me to this question: my boot drive is via PCIe but I believe it is being seen as SATA (I do not know how "Containers" work but it is within a container if it matters). Can I update directly from the OS running on the boot drive and forego the fresh 10.13.6? System pics attached. I purchased this machine in 2017 from the now-defunct Create.pro service. Thank you!
Update to this: Firmware updated and Mojave OS 10.14.6 installed successfully with the specs in the screenshots
 

drago76

Suspended
Nov 3, 2022
8
0
Please fully read this first post, you will probably find that you have one or more problems described into the various notes below.

Mojave will only install if you have upgraded your BootROM to the current release and your Mac Pro have a Metal capable GPU*.

If you are trying to install Mojave on a Mac Pro 5,1 (early-2009 cross flashed with MP5,1 firmware, mid-2010 and mid-2012), you have first to upgrade your BootROM to version MP51.0089.B00 and to High Sierra 10.13.6, then you can install a Metal capable GPU* that works with High Sierra and finally you can upgrade your firmware and install Mojave. It's a two steps firmware upgrade process for anyone that don't have MP51.0089.B00 installed yet.

You can read the Apple Support article here: Install macOS 10.14 Mojave on Mac Pro (Mid 2010) and Mac Pro (Mid 2012).

Remember: Apple Mojave recommend RX-560/580 cards do not have pre-boot configuration support (aka boot screens), so you need to install your original Mac EFI GPU to upgrade your BootROM to MP51.0089.B00 using the Mac App Store High Sierra 10.13.6 full installer. After that, Mojave installer can upgrade your firmware without the need of a Mac EFI GPU and requires that you only have Metal supported cards* installed in your Mac Pro.​
The Apple third-party graphics cards list identifies specific cards that are compatible:​
  • MSI Gaming Radeon RX 560 128-bit 4GB GDDR5
  • SAPPHIRE Radeon PULSE RX 580 8GB GDDR5
  • SAPPHIRE Radeon HD 7950 Mac Edition
  • NVIDIA Quadro K5000 for Mac
  • NVIDIA GeForce GTX 680 Mac Edition
The three cards listed in bold above have pre-boot configuration support/Mac EFI.​
The list also identifies cards that might be compatible, none of which have pre-boot configuration support/Mac EFI:​
  • AMD Radeon RX 560
  • AMD Radeon RX 570
  • AMD Radeon RX 580
  • AMD Radeon Pro WX 7100
  • AMD Radeon RX Vega 56
  • AMD Radeon RX Vega 64
  • AMD Radeon Pro WX 9100
  • AMD Radeon Frontier Edition
*METAL capable GPU as in any METAL supported GPU that works with High Sierra:

For upgrading from MP51.0089.B00 to 144.0.0.0.0, METAL support is the requirement, not pre-boot configuration support like from earlier BootROM versions to MP51.0089.B00.

Your GPU can even be a NVIDIA GPU that has METAL support and doesn't work with Mojave, like Maxwell (like GTX 980) or Pascal (like GTX 1080). Newer AMD GPUs that won't work with High Sierra, like VII (only works with 10.14.5+) and RX 5500/5600/5700 (NAVI GPUs only work with 10.15.1+) won't work for upgrading the Mac Pro BootROM.

A GPU that High Sierra System Information recognises it as METAL: Supported is the key here.


- Cheapest Apple recommended METAL supported GPU:

It's the first card of the Apple third-party list above, but people ask it anyway:​
  • MSI Gaming Radeon RX 560 128-bit 4GB GDDR5
Usually most AMD Radeon RX 560 models available on the western market works with MP5,1 and Mojave, but not the RX 560 made for the Chinese market since this card have less CUs and a different PCIeID than the real ones and Mojave doesn't know how to configure it correctly.​

- Hacked installs note:

If you did a hacked install, like dosdude one, you will probably need to do a clean install to upgrade your firmware.​

Only the full Mac App Store installers work for upgrading the firmware, macOS installers patched with dosdude tool can't upgrade the firmware. Apple firmware upgrade tool needs a clean and standard EFI partition to do so, so you probably need to do a clean install before trying to upgrade the firmware if you used a hacked install.​

- OpenCore/rEFInd/MyBootMGR note:

If you are using OpenCore/rEFInd/MyBootMGR or any type of loader, remove it before trying to upgrade your firmware.​


- PCIe cards blocking the Mac Pro entering Firmware Programming Mode:

Over the years several users reported that some PCIe cards, usually SATA controllers or USB 3.0 cards, block the Mac Pro from entering Firmware Programming Mode and only after removing all PCIe cards installed but the GPU, the firmware upgrade was possible.​
So, if you are having trouble, remove everything but your macOS disk and your GPU, keep your hardware config barebones.​

- AppleRAID, RAID & SATA III PCIe cards note:

You can't upgrade your firmware if you are booting from a RAID array or from a SATA III card. The point is that need to be a single SATA device (HDD or SSD) connected to the Mac Pro southbridge SATA ports, not a RAID, not a SAS, not a PCIe device, not a PCIe SATA controller, not a PCIe AHCI blade. Open your Mac Pro, remove all RAID controllers, PCIe SATA cards, PCIe AHCI or NVMe M.2/U.2 drives, disconnect all RAID drives, including AppleRAID, and use a single SATA drive connected into a backplane native SATA port. Keep it simple and use Apple defaults when upgrading Mac Pro firmware.​
Btw, Mojave doesn't boot from SoftwareRAID/AppleRAID arrays or any hardware array that present to the OS as multiple disks.​
It's uncommon but sometimes you can't upgrade from PCIe AHCI and NVMe blades too, so use the same advice if you have any problems while upgrading the firmware.​

- Upgrade your firmware from High Sierra installed in an APFS drive:

A lot of people report that can't upgrade the BootROM from High Sierra installed with HFS+, so use a new/empty drive to install High Sierra from an APFS partition. Btw, Mojave requires APFS.​
Keep it simple and use Apple defaults when upgrading Mac Pro firmware.​

- Homemade Fusion drives note:

Mojave has to be installed with APFS and the way Fusion drives are made changed. Use a SATA disk installed on the south bridge ports to do all firmware upgrades and the Mojave install. After you already upgraded your Mac Pro firmware to 144.0.0.0.0 and Mojave is installed, you can recreate the Fusion drive.​
Keep it simple and use Apple defaults when upgrading Mac Pro firmware.​

- Upgrade firmware from USB note:

Firmware upgrade from USB is not possible unless you have the exact original factory config and if your Mac Pro is mid-2010 or mid-2012. Again, you can’t upgrade Mac Pro firmware from createinstallmedia USB-key.​
Don’t waste your time trying, the USB installer asks to upgrade your BootROM, warns that it will do a shutdown for you to enter firmware upgrade mode, but never powers off your Mac Pro. Unfortunately, there are reported cases that shutting down manually bricked the BootROM.​
Do it from High Sierra opening the Mojave Mac App Store full installer when you already have MP51.0089.B00 or if your Mac Pro have an earlier BootROM then MP51.0089.B00, from Sierra to High Sierra - see the set-by-step below.​
- Kepler NVIDIA GPUs (GT 630/640/740, GTX 650/660/670/680/780, Quadro K2000/K4000/K5000) note:

If you have a supported NVIDIA Kepler GPU like GTX 680 Mac Edition card, GTX 680 flashed with the Mac Edition firmware, GT 630/640/740, GTX 650/660/670/770/780 or a Quadro K2000/K4000/K5000 you can't do a USB clean install with it. The USB installer doesn't detect that the GPU is a Metal supported card and will fail to continue the install, it's a bug with Nvidia Kepler GPUs.​

To do a clean install, do from macOS with two drives - just select your empty one when doing the install.​

- Bluetooth keyboards/mice note:

A lot of people have problems installing macOS with Apple and third party bluetooth keyboards/mice. It's best to use wired ones, most third party wired USB keyboards work fine.​

- Firmware upgrades not working when you have a 4K display or a display newer than DP1.1:

You can't update to newer firmwares, with a 4K or DisplayPort v1.2/1.4 screen connected to your GPU. It's an old bug that Apple corrected with late-2013 Mac Pro and "forgot" to correct with MP5,1.​
Apple efiflasher for MP5,1 doesn't support 4K screens or DP v1.2/1.4 displays. Apple OEM GPUs like GT120, HD 4870, HD 5770 and HD 5870 doesn't have hardware support for DP v1.2/1.4, so you can use a 4K display for upgrading the firmware since your 4K/DP v1.2/1.4 display would be using the supported DP v1.1 spec, but the METAL GPUs and newer EFI flashed GPUs have support for DP v1.2/1.4 and will trigger the efiflasher flasher bug.​
If your monitor has a option to downgrade to DP v1.1 or have a DVI port, use it, if not, you will need another monitor for upgrading your firmware. Apple displays like the common Apple Cinema Display are DP1.1 or even DVI and work fine for firmware upgrades. Check your display specs.​
Since people asked about headless flashing, Xserves and early-2009 Mac Pro, still with MP4,1 firmware, had the option of upgrading the firmware headless via remote firmware flashing, but Apple removed the option and the remote efiflasher with MP5,1 release.​

- Stuttering audio with Dual Processors MP4,1 upgraded to MP5,1 firmware when running Mojave note:

Be aware that with Dual Processors MP4,1>5,1 machines that still have the original Gainestown processors (Xeon 55xx-series), after installing Mojave you will have stuttering audio problems that only can be solved upgrading the Xeon processors to Westmere (Xeon 56xx-series), read about on this thread Strange Audio Issue on MP 4,1>5,1 Mojave 10.14.4.​
This is a problem exclusive of Dual Processor MP4,1, single CPU MP4,1 doesn't have this problem at all. Some people don't even hear the stuttering audio, but if you are an audio guy or audio engineer, it will make you crazy, do your sanity a favour and upgrade your dual CPU tray to Westmere Xeons.​

- Mojave black screens with AMD Polaris GPUs (RX 4xx/5xx) note:

Some people are getting black screens with Mojave when using RX 4xx/5xx GPUs, if you are having it, do a clean install or debug your kexts, seems a problem with incompatible Air Display kexts. Read here.​

- 144.0.0.0.0 and previous macOS releases note:

Yes, BootROM 144.0.0.0.0 can boot even 10.6.4 (10F2521), the first ever macOS release that supports a MP5,1, but you are limited to GPU driver support since you can't boot a macOS version that doesn't have drivers for your GPU. For example, with AMD RX 4xx/5xx GPUs, you are limited to 10.12.6/10.13/10.14 and newer releases.​
It's the distribution file inside the macOS installer that defines what Macs are supported. Earlier releases than 10.6.4 (10F2521) doesn't have MP5,1 support and are not bootable with a MP5,1. Several people on MacRumors checked 10.6.8 and it runs without any problems with 144.0.0.0.0.​

Other limitation is NVMe support if you have a NVMe drive, NVMe only works since High Sierra (Sierra for 4KB/sector drives), read the first post of the PCIe SSDs - NVMe & AHCI thread to know more. SATA support is not affected by NVMe support requirements.​

Btw, you can upgrade your firmware to 144.0.0.0.0 without installing Mojave, just close the installer after the firmware upgrade is done. Remember that you can't do that by USB, read the Upgrade firmware from USB note.​

- 144.0.0.0.0 and High Sierra with HFS+ drives note:

If you want to upgrade to BootROM 144.0.0.0.0 and don't want to upgrade to Mojave, just close the Mojave installer when the installer opens again post firmware upgrade completion. Mojave changes your main drive to APFS, but if you end the install process after the firmware upgrade, nothing will be changed.​
NVMe drives doesn't work before High Sierra (Sierra for 4Kn drives), read the first post of the thread PCIe SSDs - NVMe & AHCI to know why.​

- 144.0.0.0.0, High Sierra and NVIDIA Maxwell or Pascal GPUs that support METAL but not Mojave:

If you have a NVIDIA GPU from the Maxwell or Pascal families and want to upgrade your Mac Pro BootROM to 144.0.0.0.0 and use it with High Sierra, you can do it. If your GPU is correctly working with High Sierra NVIDIA WEB drivers, just open the Mojave installer and it will ask you to do to the firmware upgrade the same way as with the still supported Kepler NVIDIA and the AMD METAL GPUs. Lot's of people have been using GTX 970/980/1070/1080 with 10.13.6 and upgrading to current BootROMs without any problems.​

Remember that Maxwell and Pascal NVIDIA GPUs are not supported with macOS anymore after High Sierra and won't work with Mojave.​

- 140.0.0.0.0 to 144.0.0.0.0 firmware upgrade note:

The fail-proof way to upgrade a MP5,1 firmware is to fully erase a SATA drive, remove all other drives from your Mac Pro, install High Sierra 10.13.6 to it, download the current Mac App Store full installer (10.14.6), clear the NVRAM 3 times in sequence, after that you try to upgrade the firmware running the Mojave full installer.​



- Upgrading firmware from Catalina will work?

This question is becoming common recently, so let's put it here. If you don't have the current 144.0.0.0.0.0 BootROM release and is using Catalina, you have to go back to 10.13.6 or 10.14.6 to do the firmware upgrade. You can't open a macOS installer earlier than the version you are running, the installer won't open at all.​

- How to do a clean install with a RX 4xx/5xx/VEGA GPU without pre-boot configuration support?

The easiest way is to do from macOS, opening the installer and then selecting the drive you want to install to.​
If you want to do a USB clean install, first create a createinstallmedia USB key, erase the drive that you want to install Mojave, remove all other bootable disks, connect the createinstallmedia USB installer and then power-off/on. When the Mac Pro doesn't find any bootable SATA/PCIe disk, it will boot from the createinstallmedia USB installer. After three minutes or so, the installer loads the GPU drivers and the screen will work.​


- PCIe drives as external drives:

This is off-topic but since people ask, I added it here.​
All types of PCIe drives (SATA, SAS, AHCI, NVMe, M.2, U.2, RAID arrays, etc) are external to the Mac Pro firmware, only drives connected to the six native SATA ports of the Mac Pro southbridge are internal to the BootROM.​

PCIe drives are bootable, exactly as the internal ones.​


If you have an earlier than MP51.0089.B00 BootROM version, these are the steps to upgrade your BootROM to have Mojave support:

This part of the BootROM upgrade require a GPU with pre-boot configuration support. Apple OEM GPUs or Mac EFI flashed GPUs are a requirement for upgrading to MP51.0089.B00.
  1. Install a Mac EFI64 GPU. Any original Apple card from 2008 to 2012 (HD 2600XT, 8800GT, Quadro FX 5600, GT120, HD 4870/5770/5870) or 3rd party Mac EFI cards like Sapphire HD 7950 Mac Edition, eVGA GTX 680 Mac Edition, NVIDIA Quadro 4000/K5000 or self-flashed/MVC flashed cards. Please note that if your flashed GPU is not macOS installer compatible, like NVIDIA GPUs from Maxwell and Pascal generations, you need to install one that is.
  2. For GPUs that support DP v1.2/1.4, disconnect any 4K or DP1.2 display. You can't update to MP51.0089.B00, or newer firmwares, with a 4K/DP v1.2/1.4 screen connected to a GPU that has hardware support for DP v1.2/1.4 (read the note). If you monitor has a option to downgrade to DP v1.1 or a DVI port, use it, if not, you will need another monitor.
  3. Disable FileVault2 if enabled, since FV2 is not supported anymore with a Mac Pro 5,1 running Mojave.
  4. If you use a SATA III PCIe card, remove the card from your Mac and move the drive to one of the backplane native SATA ports, a lot of people report trouble doing the firmware upgrade with SATA III PCIe cards installed.
  5. If you ever downloaded any previous version of High Sierra, have it saved in any of Mac Pro external drives, you have to delete it/move to a offline disk and then restart your Mac. You need the current High Sierra 10.13.6 full installer from the Mac App Store, no previous version have the needed MP51.0089.B00 BootROM.
  6. This is the Apple Support page where you can get the link for the 10.13.6 Mac App Store Installer (you need this even if you already are on 10.13.6). see the image below. Note, if you never used Mac App Store before, you need to validate your account first and download a free app before trying to get High Sierra View attachment 793503
  7. Open the High Sierra 10.13.6 Mac App Store full installer, do the firmware upgrade as asked.
  8. After the firmware upgrade, High Sierra installer will open again, you can close it.
  9. Now check if your Mac Pro BootROM is MP51.0089.B00, if yes you can shutdown, remove all non-METAL GPUs (a non-METAL GPU installed will block you from installing Mojave) and install your Metal capable GPU (any AMD equal or newer than HD 7xxx, NVIDIA GTX 680 Mac Edition, Quadro K5000 and other NVIDIA Kepler cards). [If you have a NVIDIA card that need the web driver, Maxwell and Pascal ones, wait for NVIDIA release it for Mojave if ever…]
  10. Download the full Mac App Store installer for Mojave. If you ever downloaded any previous version of Mojave, have it saved in any of Mac Pro external drives, you have to delete it/move to a offline disk and then restart your Mac. You need the current Mojave 10.14.5 or 10.14.6 full installer from the Mac App Store, no previous version have the needed 144.0.0.0.0 BootROM.
  11. Open the installer, do the firmware upgrade as asked. (Note, if you never used Mac App Store before, you need to validate your account first and download a free app before trying to get Mojave).
  12. After the reboot, open System Information and check if you have BootROM 144.0.0.0.0, if yes, you can do a createinstallmedia USB clean install (read NVIDIA GTX 680/780/Quadro K5000 note) or upgrade your previous High Sierra install.


- Mac Pro 5,1 firmware releases, from the oldest EFI update to the newest:

BootROM VersionReleased with:Type:Note:
MP51.007F.B03Mac Pro EFI Firmware Update 1.5General releaseFirst public released Mac Pro 5,1 firmware update, microcodes vulnerable to Spectre and Meltdown
MP51.0083.B0010.13 DP5BetaBeta APFS support, microcodes vulnerable to Spectre and Meltdown
MP51.0084.B0010.13 DP6 and 10.13.0General releaseInitial APFS support, microcodes vulnerable to Spectre and Meltdown
MP51.0085.B0010.13.4 and Mojave DP1 to DP3General releaseAPFS support, microcodes vulnerable to Spectre and Meltdown
MP51.0087.B0010.13.5General releaseMissing microcodes and bricks the Mac Pro if you boot UEFI installed Windows 10
MP51.0089.B0010.13.6General releaseIntel microcodes back with Spectre/Meltdown mitigation (see the April 2 Intel Microcode Update Guidance). Windows 10 works fine again
138.0.0.0.010.14 DP7 and 10.14.0General release5GT/s support for every PCIe 2.0 card. Requirements for upgrading the BootROM changed to METAL supported GPU
139.0.0.0.010.14.1 DP1Betaminor updates and corrections
140.0.0.0.010.14.1 DP3 and 10.14.1 to 10.14.4General releaseNative NVMe boot support, several minor updates and corrections
141.0.0.0.010.14.4 DP2Betaminor updates and corrections
142.0.0.0.010.14.4 DP4 and 10.14.5 DP1BetaUpdated APFSJumpStart EFI module - W3xxx Xeon bricker.

This BootROM version was never released outside betas.
144.0.0.0.010.14.5 DP4 and 10.14.5General releaselot's of corrections, booting improvements, works with W3xxx Xeons.

This is the current BootROM release


- If nothing above works for you, or you use a macOS version earlier than El Capitan, or your Mac Pro have a BootROM earlier than MP51.0089.B00, try this:

  1. Download Sierra (10.12.6) - don't use 10.13/10.14 to this, both require firmware updates to install. Download from the Mac App Store, don't use hacked installs, torrents, etc. Download the current installers, not installers that you downloaded years ago and have older firmwares or expired certificates. You need 10.12.6, and later 10.13.6, current installer(s) from the Mac App Store.
  2. Use createinstallmedia to create a Sierra USB key installer.
  3. Shutdown your Mac Pro and remove all PCIe cards except your Mac EFI GPU.
  4. Clear your Mac Pro SMC and NVRAM - clear NVRAM 3 times sequentially.
  5. Remove all disks except the one that you will do a clean install of 10.11.6/10.12.6.
  6. Power on your Mac Pro and do a clean install of 10.11.6/10.12.6.
  7. After 10.12.6 is installed, download the High Sierra 10.13.6 full Mac App Store installer and open it (yes, you will upgrade Sierra to High Sierra don't do a clean install). The High Sierra installer will then ask you to perform a firmware update, shutdown your Mac Pro and do it. Download High Sierra installer from the Mac App Store, don't use hacked installs, torrents, etc.
  8. After your Mac Pro restarts, close the installer and go to SystemInformation and check if your BootROM is MP51.0089.B00 now. If not, you did something wrong.
  9. Use createinstallmedia to create a USB key installer of High Sierra, power off your Mac Pro.
  10. Power on your Mac Pro, boot from the createinstallmedia USB-key and do a clean install of 10.13.6 - always do clean installs.
  11. After 10.13.6 is installed, shutdown your Mac Pro and replace your original GPU with a Metal supported one. Remove all non-METAL GPUs, keep just the METAL one installed since a non-METAL GPU present on your Mac Pro will block you from installing Mojave.
  12. Power on your Mac Pro and download 10.14.6 full Mac App Store installer. Download from the Mac App Store, don't use hacked installs, torrents, etc. Open it, the Mojave installer will ask you to perform a firmware update, shutdown your Mac Pro and do it.
  13. After your Mac Pro restarts, check if your BootROM is 144.0.0.0.0, if it is, you can create a USB-key and do a clean install of Mojave now. If you have a NVIDIA GTX 680, then you have to do a clean install from your 10.13.6 disk into another disk, since USB installer has a bug that doesn't identify GT630/640/710/730/740, GTX 680/780/Quadro K5000 as a METAL supported GPU.
- How to successfully clean install with a PC GPU:


With a PC GPU, you will only boot from the createinstallmedia installer if the firmware won't find anything else to boot since USB have the least priority when booting and you can't select it from SysPref/StartUpDisk.

Below is what you have to do to sucessfully make a clean install with a PC GPU:
  • Shutdown,
  • Remove any bootable disks installed anywhere on your Mac Pro (even from FW/USB/PCIe),
  • Install a new, or fully erased, disk where you will do the clean install and connect the createinstallmedia USB installer to one of the Mac Pro native USB ports (third party USB cards of any kind are not capable of boot),
  • Power on your Mac Pro, after around 5 minutes it will boot from the createinstallmedia USB installer.

- What to do if during the upgrade process your Mac Pro bricked:

If during the upgrade process you bricked the BootROM, you have three options:

  1. Buy a replacement backplane on eBay and replace the backplane yourself, cheapest option if you can't solder SMD. Remember that you need a 2009 backplane if you have an early-2009 Mac Pro. If you have a mid-2010 or mid-2012 you can use either 2010 or 2012 backplanes. Don't mix early-2009 backplanes with mid-2010/mid-2012 CPU trays, or vice-versa - either scenario is a SMC firmware version mismatch and all your fans will run at maximum RPM, full time and without any software control.
  2. Buy a Mac Pro MATT card and use it as a replacement SPI flash, this is not recommended since all MATT cards are clones and won't work for iCloud/iMessage/FaceTime. A replacement backplane is usually cheaper.
  3. Desolder, reprogram and solder back the SPI flash, chip U8700 on the backplane. It's not possible to read or write to the SPI flash memory while it's soldered on the MP5,1 backplane. A cheap SPI flash programmer like ch341a will work for read/write the BootROM after the SPI flash memory is desoldered from the backplane. Start reading here, read all my posts on the subject from there. I strongly recommend that you replace your original SPI flash memory with a brand new one, don't solder it back to the backplane, it will fail soon since SPI flash memories have limited lifetime (manufacture rated for just 100.000 erase/write cycles) when used as NVRAM for a Mac Pro. Again, most hard bricks are caused by the failure of the SPI flash, it's a US$ 2 component easily available, MXIC MX25L3206E, just replace it! Btw, yes, you can use a MXIC MX25L3206E as a modern replacement for the two older models SST25VF032B and MXIC MX25L3205D used on early-2009 and mid-2010 respectively, Apple did it for mid-2012 Mac Pros.

    Mojave has the generic MP51.fd firmware image inside the full installer, it's enough for boot your Mac Pro again but not for iCloud/iMessage/FaceTime login.

    Code:
    Install\ macOS\ Mojave/Install\ macOS\ Mojave.app/Contents/Resources/Firmware/MP51.fd

The whole SPI flash replacement procedure is:

  • desolder the U8700 flash memory from the backplane PCB,
  • use an external SPI flash programmer and it's own app (or flashrom, if it's on the supported list of programmers) to dump the contents of the SPI flash memory removed from the MacPro backplane,
  • program MP51.fd to the replacement SPI flash memory (Macronix MX25L3205A/MX25L3205D/MX25L3206E, SST 25VF032B),
  • verify if the flashing process was done correctly,
  • solder back the SPI flash memory,
  • while the backplane is outside the case, take a picture of the MLB label near the AirPort Extreme connector, also take a picture of the ESN label, the one on the case near the GPU outputs,
  • reinstall the backplane in the Mac Pro case,
  • test if the Mac Pro is now capable of POST and it's booting macOS with the replacement flash memory,
  • if the Mac Pro is now booting macOS, ask a firmware engineer to do a BootROM reconstruction service based on the corrupt dump, the case ESN and the backplane MLB labels to get your Mac Pro fully working again.

- For MP4,1 to MP5,1 cross firmware flashing process, see this thread below:

Attention! Since this is not a clean solution it should be better done by a bootROM reconstruction!

- Frequent question, it's possible to bypass the METAL GPU requirement?


Simple and direct answer:

No. It's a requirement of the Mojave firmware upgrades, like an Apple OEM GPU or a third party one with pre-boot configuration support was required to do all the previous firmware upgrades from Leopard to High Sierra.

Complex answer:

If you are a firmware engineer with Mac Pro experience, you can reconstruct the whole SPI flash memory image and write to it directly, bypassing the requirements. But if you were one, you wouldn't be asking or looking here, no?
Good morning, first of all thanks for doing this!

Here's what I'm using:

Mac Pro 5.1 (2010) 12 cores, 96 gb ram
K5000 Mac edition graphic card that works fine in High Sierra (nvidia web driver are installed, no cudo drivers)
Boot ROM Version: 144.0.0.0.0
Ssd M.2 Samsung Evo Plus (connected to the 4 upper Pcie) APFS format
30 inc. Apple Cinema Display

If I try to upgrade to Mojave by usb installer, Mojave install but it says that web driver can't be used anymore and the system switches to generic drivers, the problem after this is that the cursor of the mouse start to freeze every 5 seconds.

What I'm doing wrong here?

Nvidia K5000 Mac Edition is one of the metal supported graphic cards that works with Mojave!

Thank you in advance and have a good day!

Luke
 

tsialex

Contributor
Original poster
Jun 13, 2016
13,454
13,601
Good morning, first of all thanks for doing this!

Here's what I'm using:

Mac Pro 5.1 (2010) 12 cores, 96 gb ram
K5000 Mac edition graphic card that works fine in High Sierra (nvidia web driver are installed, no cudo drivers)
Boot ROM Version: 144.0.0.0.0
Ssd M.2 Samsung Evo Plus (connected to the 4 upper Pcie) APFS format
30 inc. Apple Cinema Display

If I try to upgrade to Mojave by usb installer, Mojave install but it says that web driver can't be used anymore and the system switches to generic drivers, the problem after this is that the cursor of the mouse start to freeze every 5 seconds.

What I'm doing wrong here?

Nvidia K5000 Mac Edition is one of the metal supported graphic cards that works with Mojave!

Thank you in advance and have a good day!

Luke

NVIDIA WEB drivers are supported up to 10.13.6. Uninstall the web drivers before anything.
 

chris-snd

macrumors member
Feb 26, 2021
42
6
europe
Hi, first thanks for all the information.

Is this a one time proces, or do you have to do all these steps everytime you want a clean install of mojave?

If a 2010 mac pro 12-core with a third party gtx680 is succesfull updated to mojave for the first time, does one have to repeat all the steps again if you want to do a new clean mojave install?

Or is the BootRom firmware upgrade permanently and after a succesfull mojave update you can always do a clean install of high sierra or mojave from usb without all the steps?
 

tsialex

Contributor
Original poster
Jun 13, 2016
13,454
13,601
Hi, first thanks for all the information.

Is this a one time proces, or do you have to do all these steps everytime you want a clean install of mojave?

If a 2010 mac pro 12-core with a third party gtx680 is succesfull updated to mojave for the first time, does one have to repeat all the steps again if you want to do a new clean mojave install?

Installing Mojave with a NVIDIA card always will require running the Mojave installer from a previous macOS release and install to another disk (or upgrade). No workaround that, or better this is already the workaround.

Or is the BootRom firmware upgrade permanently and after a succesfull mojave update you can always do a clean install of high sierra or mojave from usb without all the steps?

BootROM upgrade is one time operation.
 

chris-snd

macrumors member
Feb 26, 2021
42
6
europe
Ole thanks,

So basically after a mojave update, whenever i want to do a clean install again all i need is a spare old sata harddrive with high sierra os installed on it, swap that drive in the mac, perform the mojave install on a clean ssd and remove the high sierra sata hd.

Well a spare drive is a little bigger then a usb stick and swapping it in and out requires a little more work but I'm ok with that.

Thanks!
 

OldMacPro2

macrumors regular
Jun 23, 2022
169
92
UPDATE: In response to my own question below about moving beyond Mojave, I guess I already know the answer.

Check this thread linked below and read it all!


=============================

Note: I am not deleting the post below, even though it's not really relevant for this thread.

Other cMP "newbies" may end up here, and it might be helpful down the road if they have the same question.

=============================

This is question that really needs to be asked.

Right now I am running 10.14.6 (Mojave) and everything is very stable.

"If I have successfully made it through the steps in Post #1, and have my Mac Pro 4,1 -> 5,1 running Mojave, what is the best next step to get to Big Sur?"

I know the answer will involve Open Core in some incarnation, but is there ONE best way to get it installed?

I've tried OCLP and Martin Lo's patch. The former did not work. The latter seemed to work OK, but then something glitched and system would no longer boot. I had to go a clean install of High Sierra -> Mojave (using the steps from this thread) to get a working system again.

I know this does NOT belong in this thread, because the goal here is to get the firmware updated and do a "Factory Install" of Mojave. That I have a handle on, I am just struggling to get to the next step.

THANK YOU tsialex for all of your help!!!!!
 
Last edited:

waiser

macrumors newbie
Apr 30, 2008
12
1
Hi there, excellent detailed article!
I picked up a 2012 (5.1) mac pro cheap and im currently stuck in the early stages of my upgrade. I installed a WD blue SSD in one of the four bays with a modified sled and formatted to recieve High Sierra. Made a bootable USB with High Sierra on it. was prompted to do a firmware upgrade. then installed High sierra. Now whenever i start up normally i get a gray cirlce with a line through it. If i start up with command R it will boot up on the SSD drive but thats the only way. Any ideas what i need to do to fix this. at this point what would you suggest i do.
thank you
jeff.
 

OldMacPro2

macrumors regular
Jun 23, 2022
169
92
Datapoint - I was able to follow the instructions in post #1, using an RX 460 2GB (generic Hp) for the part that requires a metal compatible video card. It’s not listed there as one that works, but it did for me.
 

tsialex

Contributor
Original poster
Jun 13, 2016
13,454
13,601
Hi there, excellent detailed article!
I picked up a 2012 (5.1) mac pro cheap and im currently stuck in the early stages of my upgrade. I installed a WD blue SSD in one of the four bays with a modified sled and formatted to recieve High Sierra. Made a bootable USB with High Sierra on it. was prompted to do a firmware upgrade. then installed High sierra. Now whenever i start up normally i get a gray cirlce with a line through it. If i start up with command R it will boot up on the SSD drive but thats the only way. Any ideas what i need to do to fix this. at this point what would you suggest i do.
thank you
jeff.
Something went wrong since the prohibited screen shouldn't ever show for HighSierra and a mid-2012, but can be a lot of things, from a defective incompatible SSD to a failure while blessing the disk.

I'd start from scratch, erasing the SSD and reinstalling. See if it works or not.

You can also use another drive to test the clean install, not all WD Blue SSDs are compatible with a Mac Pro. Recent WD track record with Mac Pro compatibility is really poor, several blades simply do not work and there is nothing that you can do.
 

iAlexandre

macrumors member
Apr 27, 2016
32
34
Montréal
Hi tsialex,

Need your advice. I have a 2009 Mac Pro 5.1 with ROM MP51.0089.B00. It has a RX580 and GT120 cards in it. My goal is to upgrade to Mojave and potentially more recent Apple Softwares with a patcher.

I use my Mac Pro mostly as a gaming PC running Windows 10. It really is an impressive machine when we consider its age.

The reason what I haven't installed Mojave is because of my dual boot. Right now it isn't ideal but works fine. I got both GT120 and RX580 installed. The GT120 serves only as my blind boot-select when chose the OS I want to boot from.

If I install Mojave I need to get the GT120 out because it doesn't support metal. However if I do that I will have no ability to switch between windows and Mac, especially that it wasn't installed through bootcamp.

I was wondering if you had any advise on what to do. I might also just let it go and leave it as is it is risky.

I attached computer details if this can help.

Thanks!
 

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HordePrime

macrumors newbie
Mar 3, 2023
3
0
Thanks for this very informative thread Alex. 👍 New Mac Pro 5,1 owner here. I followed your instructions in the first post to check the health of my boot rom before I start diving into upgrades. Viewing it
 

tsialex

Contributor
Original poster
Jun 13, 2016
13,454
13,601
Hi tsialex,

Need your advice. I have a 2009 Mac Pro 5.1 with ROM MP51.0089.B00. It has a RX580 and GT120 cards in it. My goal is to upgrade to Mojave and potentially more recent Apple Softwares with a patcher.

I use my Mac Pro mostly as a gaming PC running Windows 10. It really is an impressive machine when we consider its age.

The reason what I haven't installed Mojave is because of my dual boot. Right now it isn't ideal but works fine. I got both GT120 and RX580 installed. The GT120 serves only as my blind boot-select when chose the OS I want to boot from.

If I install Mojave I need to get the GT120 out because it doesn't support metal. However if I do that I will have no ability to switch between windows and Mac, especially that it wasn't installed through bootcamp.

I was wondering if you had any advise on what to do. I might also just let it go and leave it as is it is risky.

I attached computer details if this can help.

Thanks!

A BootROM reconstruction service with EnableGOP injection will solve both your issues at the same time, you will have 144.0.0.0.0 without needing to install Mojave and will have pre-boot configuration with your RX-580 without needing the GT-120 (if the RX-580 GPU firmware was not modded for mining/still have the factory installed firmware).
 

iAlexandre

macrumors member
Apr 27, 2016
32
34
Montréal
A BootROM reconstruction service with EnableGOP injection will solve both your issues at the same time, you will have 144.0.0.0.0 without needing to install Mojave and will have pre-boot configuration with your RX-580 without needing the GT-120 (if the RX-580 GPU firmware was not modded for mining/still have the factory installed firmware).
Thank you. My Goal would be to install the latest Mac software available while also be able to switch to Windows. Not exactly sure you can I go to to do a BootROM service with EnableGOP, any suggestions?

Thank you!
 

tsialex

Contributor
Original poster
Jun 13, 2016
13,454
13,601
Thank you. My Goal would be to install the latest Mac software available while also be able to switch to Windows. Not exactly sure you can I go to to do a BootROM service with EnableGOP, any suggestions?

Thank you!
I've sent you a PM about the BootROM reconstruction service.
 
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Levina

macrumors regular
May 29, 2011
191
40
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Hello. I have a Mac Pro 4,1 that I flashed to 5,1. I then installed High Sierra on a new SSD, no problem. I have now swapped the GT120 for an Asus Radeon RX 560 4GB and have successfully upgraded to Mojave, the official way as my now Mac Pro 5,1 is recognised as a machine that is Mojave supported. All went well, BootROM is now 144.0.0.0.0.

However, since installing the new (to me) card and going to Mojave, Photoshop doesn't work as smooth as it used to (on High Sierra with the GT120 card). Whenever I use the brush I get a spinning ball. Just for a split second, but it is annoying. I am using the last stand-alone version of Photoshop (CS6).

My question is how the more powerful Radeon RX 560 can be slower, apparently, than the GT120? I had expected an improved performance.

Also: I know I can go back to High Sierra. But with the BootROM at 144.0.0.0.0 can I swap the Radeon for the GT120, go back to my old set-up (but able to use NVMe cards now)?

If I asked in the wrong place, I apologise. I wasn't sure where to ask exactly.
 

tsialex

Contributor
Original poster
Jun 13, 2016
13,454
13,601
Hello. I have a Mac Pro 4,1 that I flashed to 5,1. I then installed High Sierra on a new SSD, no problem. I have now swapped the GT120 for an Asus Radeon RX 560 4GB and have successfully upgraded to Mojave, the official way as my now Mac Pro 5,1 is recognised as a machine that is Mojave supported. All went well, BootROM is now 144.0.0.0.0.

However, since installing the new (to me) card and going to Mojave, Photoshop doesn't work as smooth as it used to (on High Sierra with the GT120 card). Whenever I use the brush I get a spinning ball. Just for a split second, but it is annoying. I am using the last stand-alone version of Photoshop (CS6).

I'm no PS expert in any way, you probably can get a lot better help with Adobe forums, but did you tried a clean install of Mojave on a spare disk to eliminate any macOS upgrade issues? This would be my first step to diagnose it.

My question is how the more powerful Radeon RX 560 can be slower, apparently, than the GT120? I had expected an improved performance.

GT120 is a 2008-ish GPU that is 1/11 or less of the performance of a RX 560 and 1/4 or 1/8 of the VRAM - your problem is software related, not performance related.

Screen Shot 2023-03-10 at 12.28.18.png




Also: I know I can go back to High Sierra. But with the BootROM at 144.0.0.0.0 can I swap the Radeon for the GT120, go back to my old set-up


Yes. Btw, this scenario is clearly covered on the first post.

(but able to use NVMe cards now)?

Before buying any NVMe blades, first see the PCIe NVMe stickie thread, a lot of NVMe blades are not compatible with Mac Pro - hardware, firmware or endurance wise.

If I asked in the wrong place, I apologise. I wasn't sure where to ask exactly.

Not related to the thread, but no problem.
 

Levina

macrumors regular
May 29, 2011
191
40
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
I'm no PS expert in any way, you probably can get a lot better help with Adobe forums, but did you tried a clean install of Mojave on a spare disk to eliminate any macOS upgrade issues? This would be my first step to diagnose it.



GT120 is a 2008-ish GPU that is 1/11 or less of the performance of a RX 560 and 1/4 or 1/8 of the VRAM - your problem is software related, not performance related.

View attachment 2171450






Yes. Btw, this scenario is clearly covered on the first post.



Before buying any NVMe blades, first see the PCIe NVMe stickie thread, a lot of NVMe blades are not compatible with Mac Pro - hardware, firmware or endurance wise.



Not related to the thread, but no problem.
Thanks very much, Alex. Most helpful!
 
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