A question about the OWC Thunderbolt Pro Dock. It has a 10Gb/s ethernet port. Can you use this as your connection to a Mac computer for external drives or do you still have to connect via thunderbolt for it to function properly. This is the last question I have before I get one. With this last said should I wait for a Thunderbolt 4 version?
MacOS computers can mount network shares, if that's your question. So if the external drives are in a NAS, yes, you can connect to them over Ethernet if you have permission to access the NAS. And if your NAS and Ethernet network are 10Gb/s throughout the chain, you'll get that speed.
You'll need to make sure the NAS has a 10Gb/s Ethernet interface, your switch or hub can accommodate that speed, and also that your network cables are capable of 10Gb/s. Older "Cat 5e" (Cat is short for "category") cabling can sometimes carry those signals over short distances, but if you're pulling cable for a new network, go ahead and buy Cat 8 cables. You'll grow into them in the future.
Finally, 10GB/s is wild overkill for one or two shared hard drives with spinning platters. Those drives just don't deliver data fast enough. Where it comes in
very handy is if you're sharing NVMe SSDs, an array of slower SATA3 SSDs, or an array of at least five HDDs.
You can also directly connect storage volumes to a computer by USB or Thunderbolt (or SATA ports, or NVMe ports). In that case they belong to the computer and you'd have to authorize "drive sharing". Other computers could access directly-attached volumes that you've specifically shared.
That's the primary difference between the concepts of network-attached storage (NAS) and direct-attached storage (DAS). NAS is definitely more flexible, inasmuch as a NAS is a computer designated for the specific task of sharing its storage volumes.