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This thread is about upgrading MacBook Airs & Macbook Pros (2013-2015) with new high speed and/or high capacity NVMe SSDs.

There is a lot of interest in this topic and now over 3500 posts so we will try to summarise valuable information in this first post and keep it up to date.


1 - Which Mac laptops can be upgraded with a NVMe SSD ?
  • all MacBook Air models from Mid 2013 to 2017 (MacBookAir6,1 to MacBookAir7,1)
  • all MacBook Pro models from Late 2013 to Mid 2015 (MacBookPro11,1 to MacBookPro12,1)
In details :

1-1 MacBook Air

The 2013-2014 MacBook Air models originally shipped with 2x lanes PCIe 2.0 AHCI SSD (speed ~700MB/s).
They support up to 2TB NVMe SSDs if their BootRom is at least MBA61.0103.B00, and will make them run at PCIe 2.0 speed with up to 4x lanes.
They don't support natively hibernation on NVMe SSD, but workarounds exist.
  • MacBook Air 11" Mid 2013 (MacBookAir6,1)
  • MacBook Air 13" Mid 2013 (MacBookAir6,2)
  • MacBook Air 11" early 2014 (MacBookAir6,1)
  • MacBook Air 13" early 2014 (MacBookAir6,2)
The 2015-2017 MBA models either shipped with 2x or 4x lanes PCIe 2.0 AHCI SSD (speed ~700 to ~1500MB/s).
They support NVMe SSD if their BootRom is at least MBA71.0171.B00 and will make them run at PCIe 2.0 speed with up to 4x lanes.
They do support natively hibernation on NVMe SSD :
  • MacBook Air 13" early 2015 (MacBookAir7,1)
  • MacBook Air 13" 2017 (MacBookAir7,2)
1-2 MacBook Pro retina 13" and 15"

The 2013-2014 MacBookPro retina models originally shipped with 2x lanes PCIe 2.0 AHCI SSD (speed ~700MB/s).
They support up to 2TB NVMe SSDs if their BootRom is at least MBP111.0142.B00 (for 13" models) or MBP112.0142.B00 (for 15" models) and will make them run at PCIe 2.0 speed with up to 4x lanes.
They don't support natively hibernation on NVMe SSD, but workarounds exist.
  • MacBook Pro Retina 13" late 2013 (MacBookPro11,1)
  • MacBook Pro Retina 15" late 2013 (MacBookPro11,2 & MacBookPro11,3)
  • MacBook Pro Retina 13" mid 2014 (MacBookPro11,1)
  • MacBook Pro Retina 15" mid 2014 (MacBookPro11,2 & 11,3)
The 2015 MacBookPro retina models originally shipped with 4x lanes PCIe 2.0 AHCI SSDs. (speed ~1400MB/s).
They both supports up to 2TB NVMe SSD if their BootRom is at least MBP121.0171.B00 (for 13" models) or MBP114.0177.B00 (for 15" models).
The Retina 15" mid 2015 only supports 4x lanes PCIe 3.0 speed (up to 3000MB/s).
They do support natively hibernation on NVMe SSD
  • MacBook Pro Retina 13" early 2015 (MacBookPro12,1)
  • MacBook Pro Retina 15" mid 2015 (MacBookPro11,4-11,5)


Which Mac laptops CANNOT be upgraded with NVMe SSDs?

EARLY MODEL LAPTOPS BEFORE 2013
  • all non retina MacBook models (MacBook1,1 to MacBook7,1)
  • all non retina MacBook Pro (MacBookPro1,1 to MacBookPro9,2)
These models above come with a 2.5" SATA slot and interface. You can upgrade them with any standard cheap 2,5" SATA AHCI SSD
  • MacBook Air from Late 2010 to Mid 2012 (MacBookAir 3,1 to MacBookAir5,2)
  • MacBook Pro Retina from mid 2012 to early 2013 (MacBookPro10,1 to MacBookPro11,2)
These two models above come with a M.2 AHCI SATA SSD and use a SATA interface. They are definitely not compatible with M.2 PCIe SSD. The PCIe M.2 format looks very similar to the SATA M.2 format but it won't work.

You can upgrade the storage of those models with any SATA M.2 AHCI SSDs - e.g Crucial MX500 sata M.2 - and M.2 to Apple 6+12 adapters. Transcend and OWC also sell upgrades.

LATE MODEL LAPTOPS AFTER 2015
  • all MacBook Air since the Retina 2018 (MacBookAir8,1)
  • all MacBook 12" Retina since the early 2015 (MacBook8,1)
  • all MacBook Pro 13" Retina 4 TB ports since 2016 (MacBookPro13,2)
  • all MacBook Pro 15" Retina since 2016 (MacBookPro13,3)
If you have one of those late models, sorry their storage cannot be upgraded. Their storage is BGA NAND Flash soldered onto the logic board. You can as a customer give feedback to Apple regarding this situation.

An exception is the MacBook Pro 13" Retina with 2TB (2016-2017) which has proprietary PCIe 3.0 NVMe SSDs. It might become possible at a future date to upgrade it with with adapters and small 2242 M.2 blades...(Sintech is working on it).


Background information

Between 2013-2017, Apple shipped laptops equipped with a form of SSD (Solid State Drive, faster than old spinning hard drives) that used Apple's proprietary AHCI PCIe SSD.

For many years the only possible upgrades were to a) replace with SSDs pulled from other Apple laptops, or b) buy expensive third-party SSDs from vendors like OWC or Transcend, or c) take your chances with DIY solutions like buying a M.2 AHCI SSD with an adapter e.g. Samsung 941 or Samsung 950 SSDs.

These PCIe AHCI SSD are no longer made, so you can't buy new ones, and used ones are expensive with low capacity and no warranty.

In 2015, Apple introduced the first NVMe equipped mac (the MacBook 12") and some were able to patch macOS to support tiers NVMe SSDs.
In 2017, macOS 10.13 (High Sierra) came out, and it was discovered that it was natively compatible with any tiers NVMe SSD. It brought two upgrades which created NVMe compatibility with 2013-2017 MacBook Airs and MacBook Pros :
  • a BootRom upgrade which enabled booting with NVMe SSDs
  • High Sierra NVMe kext itself enabled compatibility with all 512b bloc size NVMe SSDs
Yay!
Since 10.13 all macOS versions are compatibles with any NVMe drive.
So, now we can upgrade many 2013-2017 MacBook laptops with brand new, cheap NVMe SSDs carrying 3 to 5-years warranty, instead of expensive, used, out of warranty, AHCI SSDs.

This guide is all about installing those new NVMe SSD replacements.

Which NVMe SSDs are known to work?

You will need to buy a M.2 adaptor for all the below SSDs :
  • Adata NVMe SSD : SX6000, SX7000, SX8200, SX8200 Pro etc.
  • Corsair NVMe SSD : MP500
  • Crucial NVMe SSD : P1
  • HP NVMe SSD : ex920, ex950
  • OCZ RD400 (and all Toshiba XG3-XG4-XG5-XG5p-XG6 line)
  • Intel NVMe SSD : 600p, 660p, 760p etc.
  • MyDigital NVMe SSDs : SBX - BPX
  • Kingston NVMe SSD : A1000, A2000, KC1000
  • Samsungs Polaris NVMe SSD : 960 Evo, 960 Pro, 970 Evo, 970 Pro
  • WD Black NVMe SSD v1, v2 and v3
  • ?
  • ?
NVMe SSD known not to work on MacBook Pro / Air. DO NOT BUY:
  • Samsung PM981
  • Samsung 950 Pro
  • Samsung 970 Evo Plus
Compatibility is mostly a firmware issue, but to this date, no update allows good compatibility.

OTHER OPTIONS

Those AHCI options work, but are expensive / come with no warranty / have flaws
  • Apple SSUAX and SSUBX OEM blades (expensive, only available used, without warranty)
  • OWC Aura SSD : 2x lanes only, RAID0 of 2x slow controllers, no TRIM, no SMART, not recommended
  • Transcend Jetdrive 820 : 2x lanes only, not cheap
NVMe upgrades which have the native Apple 12+16 "gumstick connector" :
  • Apple "Polaris" NVMe SSDs : very fast but definitively not cheap
  • OWC Aura Pro X : not cheap for a NVMe drive, not fast for a NVMe drive
  • Transcend JetDrive 850/855 : not cheap for a NVMe drive, not fast for a NVMe drive


The M.2 to Apple "gumstick" adapter - the good and the fake







Fixing Hibernation issues on 2013-2014 laptops

awaiting content -
BootCamp installation issues

awaiting content

Comparison of tested NVME SSD models

Comparison of tested models - Speed - Power consumption - NAND types (MLC, TLC, QLC)
<< Gilles's amazing table goes here>>

Other useful posts in this thread

Discussion of modifying the boot ROM
https://forums.macrumors.com/thread...sd-to-m-2-nvme.2034976/page-118#post-26977161
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Dear Maxthackray, just wanted to add that the Corsair MP510 is also working flawless. Not much heat generation, bottom of MBP 2013 stays handwarm at most scenarios.
 
On all my Macs hibernate 0 disables hibernate and the standby value has no effect which is the expected behavior. You’re saying with NVME SSDs the behavior is different and that a Mac will still hibernate with hibernate 0 unless standby is also disabled?
The power consumption may vary depending on the components you have installed. Hibernate mode 0 is considered classic desktop hibernation where the PC is completely shut off except for the RAM where the contents are stored. Before hibernation there is a mode called sleep or standby however you want to call it, this is not the same as hibernate mode 0 because multiple components are in a low powered state, including the NVME drive. If you don't set standby to mode 0 when you close the lid of your mac it will go to sleep, then after standbydelayhigh/low (depends on battery level) minutes it will go into hibernate mode 0. Disabling standby bypasses sleep when lid is closed and goes directly to hibernate mode 0.

This behavior is independent of SSD/NVME, you wont notice it with the stock SSD because its configured differently by apple to leverage low power usage in sleep state. With NVME MacOS doesn't have the ability to leverage low power states during sleep so when you close the lid of the mac, the NVME drive is still using more power than the regular SSD before it transitions into hibernate mode 0 where the drive is off which is why people experience higher battery drain when they stop using their mac. This is why it is recommended to disable standby.

The point here is that sleep and hibernate mode 0 are not the same. The effect of these settings is more observable if you have a mac with a high powered drive like a samsung 970 rather than a drive that has a power consumption closer to that of the original Apple SSD.
 
thank you guys for all experience here, the only difficult left is to get working hibernation on 2014 mbp, somehow to update bootrom
successfully replace stock 128 with adata sx8200 pro only missing sleep, coz it is necessary to put all modes to zero
p.s. cpu is getting a lot a lot hotter (checking thru TG Pro), its especially problem with adata ssd or its because of new interface for ssd?
coz i replace thermo grease and clean all dust etc and this difference very noticeably between stock
p.s. can somebody link to the step by step guide how to modify a bootrom, coz without hibernation its looks annoying, so it is good idea to fix it
 
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Just got my first order from sintech delivered, external enclosure for mac SSD, and the black adaptater (I've ordered the green one too).
Now I just need to get my nvme SSD (SANDISK extreme pro, same as Black from WD), and test the mojave install.
 
Dear Maxthackray, just wanted to add that the Corsair MP510 is also working flawless. Not much heat generation, bottom of MBP 2013 stays handwarm at most scenarios.
Hi Ackerschlepper, thanks for your information. I would like to buy a Corsair MP510 for my MBP 2015 early 13. Just to be sure, could you let me know what the exact model of the M2 converter you are using for the ssd? Did you buy it from Amazon US? A link would be great.
 
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THANK YOU!!!!
I actually manged to research the topic after you gave this hint.
Now I'm writing from my Windows partition thanks to you.
and would you therefore be so kind to let all of us know, what you've exactly done to solve your installation problem plz?!

For me balanced was not enough. I had to use performance.
what do you mean by that?

[doublepost=1553205942][/doublepost]
The Samsung drives are known to run hotter and use more battery.
hmm, and which 1tb one doesn't? what's the no.1 recommendation?
 
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It is necessary to note here that with standby 0, the Mac will bypass the normal sleep that it would otherwise enter if standby was 1, and will directly execute the hibernatemode. Thus if hibernatemode is 0 or 3, it will enter normal sleep until the autopoweroffdelay is reached (if plugged in) and then hibernate. If hibernatemode is 25, it will enter hibernation.

Therefore, we have concluded that in order to entirely disable hibernation, ALL the three modes should be set to 0.

sudo pmset -a hibernatemode 0 standby 0 autopoweroff 0

You can set a low standbydelay in seconds and test it yourself :)

I am convinced that when on battery power the standby hibernates the Mac automatically after reaching sleep for ”standbydelay” (low or high depending on the battery’s current charge) seconds. This is regardless of ”hibernatemode”. On the contrary, when plugged in, ”autopoweroff” is what kicks in for a laptop after sleeping for the default 8h.

Thanks for the info. I see what you mean with standby 0 going straight to the hibernate mode by testing with hibernate 25 (I see the progress bars when I wake as the memory is written back to the RAM from the drive)

One thing I’ve noticed is that with standby enabled (standby 1) the Mac doesn’t go into the hibernate mode after the standbydelay time. For example I can tell it doesn’t go into hibernate 25 because it wakes up quicker and no progress bars.

Apple support articles note that “standby mode” goes into a lower power mode and saves the memory to the ssd but doesn’t power the computer completely off like “safe sleep” when you see the progress bars (hibernate 25).

It seems that Safe Sleep occurs only after the “poweroffdelay” or if the Mac completely loses charge during “standby” (or if you disable standby and use hibernate mode 25 it will occur immediate”

I don’t have a NVME in my MBP installed yet. If I understand correctly the issue isn’t just waking up from “safe sleep” but waking from “standby”?
[doublepost=1553239418][/doublepost]
The power consumption may vary depending on the components you have installed. Hibernate mode 0 is considered classic desktop hibernation where the PC is completely shut off except for the RAM where the contents are stored. Before hibernation there is a mode called sleep or standby however you want to call it, this is not the same as hibernate mode 0 because multiple components are in a low powered state, including the NVME drive. If you don't set standby to mode 0 when you close the lid of your mac it will go to sleep, then after standbydelayhigh/low (depends on battery level) minutes it will go into hibernate mode 0. Disabling standby bypasses sleep when lid is closed and goes directly to hibernate mode 0.

This behavior is independent of SSD/NVME, you wont notice it with the stock SSD because its configured differently by apple to leverage low power usage in sleep state. With NVME MacOS doesn't have the ability to leverage low power states during sleep so when you close the lid of the mac, the NVME drive is still using more power than the regular SSD before it transitions into hibernate mode 0 where the drive is off which is why people experience higher battery drain when they stop using their mac. This is why it is recommended to disable standby.

The point here is that sleep and hibernate mode 0 are not the same. The effect of these settings is more observable if you have a mac with a high powered drive like a samsung 970 rather than a drive that has a power consumption closer to that of the original Apple SSD.

Classic “hibernation” behavior is actually hibernate 25: computer saves memory from the RAM to the drive and the computer completely powers off. When it resumes it is slower because it has to write the contents of the memory back to the RAM.

Classic “sleep” is going into a lower power state while keeping the contents of memory in RAM and is quick to resume.

“Standby” on a Mac seems to be a form of hibernate on a Mac that writes the memory to the disk and goes into a even lower power state but doesn’t power off like true hibernate and quicker to resume.
 
I don’t have a NVME in my MBP installed yet. If I understand correctly the issue isn’t just waking up from “safe sleep” but waking from “standby”?
>this< , so I think both cos the issue is actually with resuming from the SSD, thus in cases when the RAM is powered off ( 1-> when hibernating, 2-> when standbydelay is reached on battery power, 3-> when autopoweroff delay is reached when plugged in)

Regarding the standby sleep being different than hibernation, it is possible, or there may be a difference between iMac and MacBook. Another possibility is that there may have also been processes running or devices inserted preventing your Mac from writing the hibernation image and deep sleeping. You have to refer to the system logs to be certain. However, from what is posted on Apple Support webpages, I am inclined to think that if there is a standby sleep, it only applies when a MacBook is on battery power.

So to summarize, these are the states in which a Mac enters:
-monitor off (everything else powered on)
-sleep = standing by (ram on, everything else in a low-power state or off)... can maintain this up to 30 days on battery power (one thing to note here is that older MacBooks with a 3rd party SSD drive may not be able to shut the SSD down during normal sleep due to lack of firmware support)
-deep sleep = hibernate (possibly = standby sleep) (everything powered off, bluetooth in a low-power state to be able to wake)
-shut down (everything powered off)

If standby sleep is to differ from hibernate, we have to point out the differences (which may have something to do with the power source, perhaps some parts in the one case remain powered, and are off in the other case). I, however, do not think that we can trust some journalist articles popping out here and there from unreliable sources.
 
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I think I have found a bug when using a samsung 970 pro 1Tb on a Macboook Pro from 15 mid 2015, mac os Mojave 10.14.3, with sintech adapter revision B (big green adapter).

In AmorphousDiskMark, if I run the second benchmark (4kib block QD=32) the system goes slow and laggy up to the point I can barely go to the apple and click reboot. Once rebooted everything works fine again. However, with a Toshiba xg4 this thing does not happen. I'll try later with the original ssd to see what happens.
 
Hey guys:

I decided to do a slight mod on my NVMe drive yesterday. I bought a thermal pad to help keep the SSD cool. It isn't necessary, but Apple certainly didn't design the cooling system with NVMe drives in mind. I'm now getting idle temps of 28 degrees vs 33 degrees Celsius. Not a huge mod but definitely could be useful for those running Samsung NVMes.

Stan
 
Hey guys:

I decided to do a slight mod on my NVMe drive yesterday. I bought a thermal pad to help keep the SSD cool. It isn't necessary, but Apple certainly didn't design the cooling system with NVMe drives in mind. I'm now getting idle temps of 28 degrees vs 33 degrees Celsius. Not a huge mod but definitely could be useful for those running Samsung NVMes.

Stan

What ssd are you using? And in which macbook?
 
Are the options for the 2015 13" models the same as the 2015 15" models?

I may be buying a 2015 13" for someone and putting in an NVMe drive but I only have experience with the 2015 15" NVMe situation.
 
Are the options for the 2015 13" models the same as the 2015 15" models?

I may be buying a 2015 13" for someone and putting in an NVMe drive but I only have experience with the 2015 15" NVMe situation.

I put NVMe SSDs into: 2013 15" and 2015 13" using the big black Sintech. No difference at all (except for the known hibernation issue on the 2013), the 2015 model works like a charm for months now w/o any issues (under Mojave).
 
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I put NVMe SSDs into: 2013 15" and 2015 13" using the big black Sintech. No difference at all (except for the known hibernation issue on the 2013), the 2015 model works like a charm for months now w/o any issues (under Mojave).

Which one are you using on the 2015 13''?
 
Great thread! Read last 30 pages or so, and I'm planning to do an SSD upgrade for my late 2013 15" Pro 500GB.

Was thinking XPG SX8200 Pro 1TB, and have seen a number of mentions of other 1TB, but ...

Has anyone had similar positive experience, lack of overheating or any issues (other than hibernate) with any 2TB SSDs?
 
Hey,

and first of all thanks for this great source of information. My mid-2014 MacBook Pro just got new SSD from OWC and has the same issue with sleeping as described in this forum.

I'm planning on flashing the NVMe drivers since the ability to hibernate is critical for me (also wife NEVER EVER remembers to shut down the Mac, so hard reset has become a part of a daily operation for us:/ ).

I just ordered the programmer and the clamp so I'm set with the hardware part.

After flashing the modified bootrom can I just reboot the Mac? In the instructions it says reinstall MacOs, but is this really necessary? I am already on latest Mojave, and I don't need a backup since I lost my files anyway couple weeks back when the ssd failed. I haven't put anything important to my Mac since finding out about the sleep/wake-issue.
 
Hey,

and first of all thanks for this great source of information. My mid-2014 MacBook Pro just got new SSD from OWC and has the same issue with sleeping as described in this forum.

I'm planning on flashing the NVMe drivers since the ability to hibernate is critical for me (also wife NEVER EVER remembers to shut down the Mac, so hard reset has become a part of a daily operation for us:/ ).

I just ordered the programmer and the clamp so I'm set with the hardware part.

After flashing the modified bootrom can I just reboot the Mac? In the instructions it says reinstall MacOs, but is this really necessary?
Hi,
Yes you can just reboot the mac. Your "patched" BootRom will turn on your mac as the unpatched original one, with the only modification of supporting hibernation.
In the process of patching the BootRom, we only replace the compressed NVMe DXE driver of the 2013-2014 rMBP with the uncompressed ones from the 2015 rMBP. The rest of the BootRom remains unchanged.

Be sure to have a backup of your BootRom in case things turn wrong.

By the way, be conscious that you will be given alerts from the "eficheck" program on a regular monthly basis.
This is normal and harmfull : this is only a notification that the BootRom has been modified, which is normal and expected in our case
 
Hi everyone,

First : I've updated the first post of this thread with a sort of mix of important informations. Hope this will help.

Secondly, thanks to the advice of user macgeek01, I've bought, tested and added to my comparison tables a Sabrent Rocket 512 GB SSD.
And this baby is very impressive : cheap, fast, and very low power consumption. I highly recommend it, as much as the SX8200.

IMG_3511.JPG

It is 4K sectors native so it also runs from Sierra (with an updated BootRom of course) :


IMG_3513.JPG


SSD NVMe comparison 2019-03 Perf by price.png
SSD NVMe comparison 2019-03 Power Efficiency.png
 
Can you elaborate why there is a separate column for "can be formatted in 4K sectors", what are the advantages of 4k LBA, and do those apply significantly also for Windows machines, but not only Macs? How do you check if a drive can be formatted in 4k?

Do you think that the ADATA SX8200 PRO drive differs sufficiently from the tested SX8200 version? To your experience how is the power consumption of same models 512GB drives vs 1TB, are they likely to be identical? Can the SX8200 PRO be formatted in 4k, if the plain SX8200 cannot?

I've been having some issues with the SX8200 PRO, the TBW increase with at least 0.1/day and there is no way that I write 100GB/day to the SSD... hibernate is off, as well as hybrid sleep. Furthermore, ADATA's customer service is disgusting, they seem like some newbie Chinese with little knowledge of English. Here are some of their customer service replies:

"Dear customer
Thanks for supporting ADATA product.

We suggest you download the ssdtoolbox to check the healthy of ssd.

Best Regards,
ADATA Technology "

"Dear Customer,
Thanks for supporting ADATA product.

Per checked, we haven't met this issue and tested ok, please double check with your pc.

Regards,
ADATA Customer Service Center"

Also, that is how their SSD ToolBox software looks like, and after I reported it, they answered that the problem is in my computer :confused::confused:, which is LOL
hLQgILg.jpg
 
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Hi everyone,

First : I've updated the first post of this thread with a sort of mix of important informations. Hope this will help.

Secondly, thanks to the advice of user macgeek01, I've bought, tested and added to my comparison tables a Sabrent Rocket 512 GB SSD.
And this baby is very impressive : cheap, fast, and very low power consumption. I highly recommend it, as much as the SX8200.

Awesome, thanks! Happy to see it performs well up against the competition.

Have you seen any speed benefits with 4K native blocks opposed to 512 emulated? Or is the benefit just in error correction? Thanks again!
 
If anyone is considering the Sabrent Rocket, if you order on Amazon with these codes, price will drop to listed:

2 TB - code 10GPJSJA - $359.99
1 TB - code 11ARKQT2 - $159.02
512 GB - code 11ARKQT2 - $79.91

1TB code is not working for me on amazon.com
 
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