I'll try to explain everything here, it's not that complicated.
You have 3 cameras on you phone:
- The ultra wide (13mm): this year is exactly the same, no changes.
- The main camera (24mm): this year is exactly the same, no changes. During the presentation apple tried to sell some "changes" as new but no, it's exactly the same camera with some software updates that were ALSO added on the iphone 14.
- The tele (77mm on pro and 120mm on pro max): This is new on the pro max and a little bit better on the pro (because the sensor is a little bit bigger than the tele on the 14pro).
So to be short, this year the cameras on the iphones were NOT updated in any way with the exception of the tele on the pro max and a slightly bigger sensor on the pro.
Now, let's try to understand how this works.
- Optical zoom is, in fact, the wrong word. Optical zoom means that if you have a 20-50mm lens (for example) the lenses will move and let you shoot at every focal between 20 and 50mm. This is NOT the case on smartphones. On smartphones you have only the 20 and the 50mm as 2 separate cameras and when you zoom between those 2 you are just cropping the image of the previous one (so if you have a 20 and 50mm and you shoot at 30, you are only digitally cropping the 20).
-new 120mm. Here it's really important to understand something. 120mm ARE NOT better or worse than the 77mm. It's just a different focal lenght. Some people are saying that is worse because 77mm is more close to what you could need everyday (for portrait for example) and 120mm is too far for a generic use. So you will actually end up having less possibilities than before. This is why some people are even choosing the normal 15 pro because they don't want the 120mm.
You have to keep in mind that as explained smartphones don't have optical zoom. When you have 3 cameras you can only shoot with those 3 focal lenght and as explained everything in between is just a crop.
In the past iphones had a 13mm, a 26mm and a 55mm. That was, at least in my opinion, the best setup because the space between those focal lenght is not too big so the digital zoom in between was "usable". That was already stretched a lot when they went from 55 to 77 for the tele, bringing the difference between the last 2 cameras on more than 40mm.
Now it's even worse, the main camera is a 24mm and the tele is a 120mm. You have almost 100mm of nothing in between and the digital zoom CANNOT compensate 100mm difference. This is why a lot of smartphones with 10x cameras ALSO maintain the 3x. To have something in the middle.
A lot of people i know are going with the 15pro and not the pro max exactly for this reason.
If you need a 120mm then the one on the iphone 15 pro max is definitely GOOD because they were able to maintain an aperture of 2.8 that is HUGE for a 120mm. But like i said, it's not better or worse than other camera, it's better if you need a 120mm, it could be worse than a 77mm if you don't need to shoot at 5x.