They don’t. They buy services at wholesale prices.MVNOs do not own the airwaves. They do not buy the airwaves. They rent spectrum
The analogy applicable as being one company being forced to open up their platform (network) for competitors.
Exactly - as they should be able to do.To keep with the analogy if there were only one pizza restaurant the dma would mandate competitors can use the gas, ovens, electricity and materials of the one lone pizza place
Cause we want variety, consumer choice fair competition and competitive pricing in pizzas.
Regulation is of course only justified when one market participant controls and sets the terms for market access to all others. Which isn’t the case with pizzas. Last time I checked, a pizza oven wasn’t - but certainly readily available for purchase.
They do pay money. Just as developers pay for their developer membership, and a core technology fee. And that’s not even mentioning all of the money derives from hardware sales made possible due ti their rich ecosystem of third-party apps.without paying any money to the owner.