One interesting thing: one of my server program with end to end encryption constantly shows higher throughput in the Linux VM than on the host macOS(~13.3Gbit/s vs ~12.1Gbit/s, benchmarked on lo). However I cannot host that program on that Linux VM because I cannot use a fast-enough NIC(and good enough backend storage, of cause) for that VM. The bridged virtual NIC is capped at around 2Gbit/s, and this program cannot be hosted on macOS either because some of the underlying filesystem is not natively supported by macOS without using FUSE, and convert all of them to HFS+/APFS is clearly not a good option. If PCIe passthrough is a thing, or Asahi Linux is a great success, such workload would be feasible for a Mac Mini providing unrivaled power-efficiency without compromising performance. The same program running on Ryzen 9 3900x showing ~8.8Gbit/s where consumes much more power.