"they" and "the ports" means USB 3.1 ports or built-in ports or both sets of ports? Avoid pronouns and ambiguous names when there's more than one choice for the interpretation.
Console.app show any USB related messages?
I guess it doesn't matter if you don't use them. But check Console.app for any FireWire messages. I think FireWire on my Apple 30 inch Cinema Display never worked.
You can manually update the .disk_label, .disk_label_2x, .disk_label.contentDetails, and .contentDetails files in the Preboot volume.
Code:
ls -A /System/Volumes/Preboot/*/System/Library/CoreServices/.*
cat /System/Volumes/Preboot/*/System/Library/CoreServices/.*.contentDetails
open /System/Volumes/Preboot/*/System/Library/CoreServices
Type Command-Shift-Period to show invisible files. The .contentDetails files are just text files containing the name. the .disk_label files are bitmaps that you can create with the bless command.
Code:
sudo bless --folder /System/Volumes/Preboot/*/System/Library/CoreServices --label Monterey
If bless doesn't also change the .contentDetails file, then you can use cp to create it or change it:
Code:
printf "Monterey" > /tmp/mydisklabel
sudo cp /tmp/mydisklabel $(ls -d /System/Volumes/Preboot/*/System/Library/CoreServices/).disk_label.contentDetails
You didn't show the info for the USB controller. From your screenshots, it looks like you're having problems with the built-in USB 1.1 controllers (uses AppleUSBUHCIPCI drivers?). Are your USB 2.0 controllers working ok (AppleUSBEHCIPCI driver)?
I think there may some some strange things happening with my built-in USB ports but maybe not all of them (MacPro3,1, Monterey). Or maybe it's just my Apple 30" Cinema Display. I have connected a USB 2.0 hub to avoid using some built-in USB ports.
There's mention of UHCI problems at
https://dortania.github.io/OpenCore...#volume-hash-mismatch-error-in-macos-monterey
The recommendation is to put a USB 2.0 hub between the built-in USB port and the USB 1.1 device.