These USB 4 drives don't take much more power than the old school FireWire 800 drives.
This was actually a problem for FireWire since they were only spec'd to output 7 Watts, meaning some DIY FireWire + drive enclosure combinations could draw too much power.
Fortunately, our Mac's Thunderbolt 4 ports are spec'd to provide up to 15 Watts, which is more than enough for these DIY USB 4 + drive enclosure combinations. In my case with the Qwiizlab + 4 TB Samsung 990 Pro, I've never seen the power go above 8 Watts, even during heavy writes. Some other drives might push that up to 10-11 Watts in the very worst case scenario, but even that outlier 11 Watts number is less than 75% of the 15 W Thunderbolt 4 spec.
Where this could be a problem is on USB 4 Windows or Linux PCs where some of the ports may provide only 7.5 Watts, or if you're using USB 3 ports. However, if you're using a Thunderbolt 4 port on a Mac or a Thunderbolt 4 hub, power supplied to the drive should not be a significant issue.