If the question mark appears with only in the internal drive it probably is the cable, although I find strange that you can copy the external to the internal drive. Search for "macbookpro 8,1 drive cable" in EBAY. They sell for about 5 or 6 US$
I apologize LuisN that I wasn't able to articulate clearer. (1) I put the Crucial SSD in an external case and plug it into the the USB connector. (2) I rebooted from the original HDD to make sure macOS can read the external drive prior to me reformatting it. (3) I then rebooted from the dosdude1 High Sierra USB drive and installed the macOS onto the external Crucial SSD. (4 ) Once done, I shut down and replaced the internal HDD with external SDD which now has a dosdude1 installed High Sierra OS. (5) When I rebooted, it was showing the "Flashing folder with Question mark".
I took your recommendation and purchase another Hard Drive Flex Cable. I'm scheduled to receive it this coming Friday and once putting everything back together, I'm hopefully for a successful macOS install on the SSD. I'll report back on my status. I want to thank you again for your patience in helping me.
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another thing you can try is boot into the patcher macOS Catalina and up at the top the Apple Logo click on that and set your ssd as the start up disk then try and boot into High Sierra or just keep your ssd in and remove the hdd and try to install macOS Catalina on it but make sure it is formatted APFS
I took your advice and installed High Sierra on the SSD but on the next reboot I recieved the "Flashing folder with Question mark" again. I took LuisN recommendation and purchase another HDD Flex Cable. I'll let you know how it turned out. Thanks
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